Grammar Exercise #10
How to write a problem and solution essay
A common type of essay in the IELTS exam is called a 'problem and solution' essay. This is where you have to explain the main cause(s) of a common social problem, then give some solutions to it.
Here is a typical question:
You should spend about 40 minutes on this task.
Write about the following topic:
Air pollution in cities is growing at an alarming rate.
What measures could be taken to address this problem?
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.
Write at least 250 words.
Here is a model answer. Look at the words or phrases in capitals. Choose the most appropriate word or phrase.
Air pollution can as the addition of something harmful to the air at a faster rate than it can . Everyone should be concerned about air pollution. It us all, and as it to worsen, so the environmental impact increases.
One of the major causes of air pollution in cities is car use. Cars for even the shortest of journeys, and all efforts by governments to encourage people public transport seem to be failing. Industry is another major cause of pollution in our cities, but fortunately, new industrial sites away from large urban centres.
It that there are too many contributing factors for us exactly which one is the main problem, but I believe that one of the most serious problems that needs is the use of the car. In some cities laws concerning car use. Athens, for example, only a certain number of cars into the city centre each day. In my opinion, this is a good idea. With this kind of law people have no choice and to use buses and trains. This ensures governments that public transport , and can therefore justify the investment and expense of ensuring the system works properly.
Another thing governments could do is to force people to for carbon emissions and fine people with cars that produce high levels of harmful gases.